Short answer
Open the failed deployment, expand Building in the build logs, and scroll up from the exit line to the first red error. That message is the problem: a type error, a missing module, a missing environment variable or a page that fails while prerendering. Run npm run build on your own machine to reproduce it, fix it, then push again.
Find the first error, then the usual causes
01
The exit line isn’t the error
“In many cases, the last mention is not indicative like in the example below where it says yarn run build exited with 1.” Vercel, Troubleshooting Build Errors
Scroll up from it to the first error. Vercel’s own guide uses the same pattern, with yarn, as its example.
02
Reproduce it locally
“It is recommended to build your project on your local machine first (the build command varies per project) before deploying on Vercel.” Vercel, Troubleshooting Build Errors
Run the same build command on your machine with a clean install. If it passes locally, the difference is the environment: variables, Node version or file name casing.
03
Type and lint errors
A production build checks types across the whole project, so an error in a file the dev server never loaded can still stop it. Fix the errors the log lists rather than turning the checks off.
04
A missing environment variable
Code that reads a variable while building, such as an API URL or a database string, fails when it isn’t set for that Vercel environment. Add it for Production and Preview and redeploy.
Checked against the vendor’s docs on : Vercel docs: Troubleshooting build errors.
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