Short answer
Read error.code in the response, not only the 429 status. credit_balance_exhausted means add credits; organization_spend_limit_exceeded or project_spend_limit_exceeded means raise or remove that limit. organization_usage_limit_exceeded means OpenAI set the limit, so request a higher approved limit or contact support. If the code points to a rate limit instead, slow down and follow Retry-After. In your app, treat billing codes as non-retryable and alert yourself, so users don’t sit through retries that can’t succeed.
Which 429 it is, and the fix
01
No prepaid credits left
“Your organization has no prepaid credits remaining.” OpenAI, Error codes
The organization’s prepaid balance has run out, so every request fails until credits are added. Add credits in your billing settings, then retry.
02
An organization or project spend limit was reached
“Your organization reached its enforced spend limit.” OpenAI, Error codes
An enforced monthly spend limit stops traffic once it’s reached. An organization limit stops every project; a project limit stops only that project. Raise or remove the limit in the organization or project settings, or, for a project limit only, move the app to another project. Without a change, access resumes when the monthly limit resets.
03
Your code only checks the status or the type
“For billing-related errors, inspect error.code to identify the specific cause. The broader error.type can still be insufficient_quota.” OpenAI, Error codes
Billing errors and rate limits both return 429, and billing errors can still carry the type insufficient_quota. Branch on error.code so a billing stop alerts you instead of retrying, and a real rate limit backs off.
04
Retries keep hammering a billing stop
“Retrying billing, spend, or quota errors won't restore API access.” OpenAI, Error codes
Automatic retries make a billing stop slower and noisier without fixing it. Stop retrying on billing codes, show users a clear message, and send yourself an alert with the code and the project.
Checked against the vendor’s docs on : OpenAI: Error codes.
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Related: Anthropic API 529 overloaded_error · AI integration services · Building apps with the Claude API