Short answer
In the Firebase console, open Authentication, Settings, and look for the user actions options (create and delete) to see whether they are turned off. Turn them back on if users should sign up themselves. If accounts are meant to be created by an admin only, keep it off, create users with the Admin SDK on your server, and show a clear message in the app.
Why Firebase blocks the user, and the fix
01
User actions are turned off in the project
“In these cases, you can disable user actions from the Firebase Authentication Settings page, which prevents account creation and deletion by end-users.” Firebase, Users in Firebase projects (User self-service)
Firebase Authentication can block end users from creating and deleting accounts. Then every client-side sign-up returns this error, and anonymous sign-in, which creates an account too, can be blocked as well.
02
Accounts are meant to be created by an admin
“You should gracefully handle the error on your front-end by asking the user to take the appropriate actions for your service.” Firebase, Users in Firebase projects (User self-service)
For invite-only or staff apps, keep self sign-up off. Create the user on your server with the Admin SDK, then let them sign in or set a password through a reset link. generatePasswordResetLink only returns the link; you send it to the user yourself.
// server, Admin SDK await getAuth().createUser({ email, password, displayName }); const link = await getAuth().generatePasswordResetLink(email);03
Only anonymous sign-in fails
Developers also report this code from signInAnonymously when the Anonymous provider is off. If only anonymous sign-in fails, open Authentication, Sign-in method and check that Anonymous is enabled.
04
Multi-tenant projects
With multi-tenancy, the setting is per tenant and is changed through the API, so a tenant can block sign-up even when the project setting allows it. Check the tenant the app signs in to.
05
Reading the message in your app
“This operation is restricted to administrators only.” GitHub, firebase-js-sdk auth error messages
The web SDK shows the code with a short message. Catch it and explain what the user can do, for example ask for an invite, instead of showing the raw error.
Checked against the vendor’s docs on : Firebase docs: Users in Firebase projects; Firebase docs: Admin Authentication API errors; firebase-js-sdk: auth error messages.
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Related: Firebase auth/operation-not-allowed · Firebase auth/email-already-in-use · Firebase auth/requires-recent-login · Firebase “FIS_AUTH_ERROR”